agefloc 1071-AP is a kind of cationic polyacrylamide with lower charge and high mmolecular weight mainly used for water treatment.

Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) with 10–15% cationic charge is widely used in municipal and industrial water treatment, especially in processes where the sludge or wastewater contains moderate levels of organic matter and medium anionic surface charge. This charge range is considered ideal for applications that require:

• gentle floc formation

• improved water release

• compatibility with biological sludge

• reduced risk of overcharging the system

Below are the key application areas.

1. Municipal Wastewater Treatment (Primary Application)

CPAM with 10–15% charge is commonly used in municipal sewage treatment plants, especially for:

A. Activated sludge thickening

Waste activated sludge (WAS) has a moderate negative charge, so 10–15% cationic CPAM is suitable for:

• gravity belt thickening

• dissolved air flotation thickening

• gravity settling tanks

It forms stable flocs without excessive polymer dosage.

B. Light sludge conditioning

Some WWTPs use a low-charge CPAM to gently condition biological sludge before mechanical dewatering. This is ideal where sludge is fragile and breaks under shear.

C. Tertiary clarification

In tertiary polishing units, CPAM (10–15% charge) helps remove:

• suspended solids

• biological flocs

• colloidal particles

This improves effluent clarity before filtration or disinfection.

2. Industrial Wastewater Treatment

The 10–15% charge CPAM is suitable for industries with moderate organic pollution and biological treatment systems, such as:

• food & beverage

• fruit and vegetable processing

• chemical and pharma wastewater

• brewery and winery wastewater

• light petrochemical effluent

• textile wastewater with organic load

Functions:

• coagulation/flocculation of suspended solids

• floc formation for DAF units

• improving sedimentation and clarification

• thickening biological sludge from industrial wastewater

Industries prefer this charge range when the effluent contains both organic particles and fine colloids.

3. Sludge Dewatering (Low Organic or Mixed Sludge)

Although high-charge CPAM (20–60%) is more common for dewatering, 10–15% charge polymer is useful for:

• mixed sludge (primary + secondary)

• sludge with high inorganic content

• sludge requiring low-shear, stable floc formation

• older or stable biological sludge

Equipment where it is used:

• belt filter press

• screw press

• chamber filter press

• decanter centrifuge (in limited cases)

The lower charge is chosen when sludge contains many inorganic solids (sand, silt, grit), which require less cationic intensity.

4. Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) Systems

In DAF systems, CPAM with 10–15% charge is effective for:

• organic solid separation

• grease, oil, and protein removal

• fiber flocculation (in food processing)

Typical industries using low-charge CPAM for DAF:

• slaughterhouses

• seafood and meat processing

• dairy and milk plants

• potato and starch factories

Low-charge CPAM forms large, floatable flocs without making them too dense to float.

5. Paper and Pulp Industry

In pulp and paper mills, 10–15% cationic CPAM is often used for:

A. Clarification of white water

Helps capture fines and fillers.

B. Sludge thickening

Suitable for paper sludge with moderate organic content.

C. Fiber recovery systems

Used in DAF or sedimentation systems to recover cellulose fibers.

D. Coagulation of coating waste streams

Helps treat water containing latex, kaolin, and pigments.

6. Agriculture and Food Processing Applications

Low-charge CPAM is commonly selected for organic-rich wastewater from:

• slaughterhouses

• fruit washing water

• vegetable processing

• sugar production

• starch factories

Benefits:

• gentle floc formation for soft organic particles

• reduced polymer overdose risk

• improved sludge filterability

7. Mining & Mineral Processing (Special Situations)

Although anionic PAM dominates mining, low-charge cationic PAM is useful in cases where the slurry contains:

• humic substances

• organic-rich tailings

• clay with moderate negative charge

• treatment of mine camp domestic wastewater

Tailings with organic contamination respond well to 10–15% cationic polymers.

8. Oil & Gas / Refinery (Light Organics)

Low-charge cationic PAM is used in:

• pretreatment of refinery wastewater

• DAF flotation for oil removal

• desalting unit wastewater

• tank bottom and oily sludge treatment (mild duty)

The low charge avoids excessive destabilization of emulsions.

Why Use 10–15% Charge CPAM Instead of High Charge?

1. Suitable for moderate negative charge colloids

Not all sludges need a high cationic intensity. Overcharging causes floc breakage.

2. Better for fragile biological flocs

High charge can compress biological cells too strongly, causing them to rupture.

3. Lower cost and lower consumption

Low-charge CPAM often requires less dosage, reducing operating cost.

4. Ideal for low-solids sludges

For dilute sludge (0.3–1% solids), lower charge polymers give more stable flocs.

5. More environmentally tolerable

Lower charge density reduces residual polymer toxicity in effluent.

Summary (Key Points)

Cationic polyacrylamide with 10–15% charge is mainly applied in:

✔ Municipal wastewater sludge thickening

✔ Light-to-medium sludge conditioning

✔ Industrial wastewater with moderate organic load

✔ DAF systems for food and organic effluent

✔ Paper mill water clarification and fiber recovery

✔ Mixed sludge dewatering with higher inorganic content

✔ Specialty mining slurries containing organics

This charge range is ideal where medium cationic flocculation strength is required without being too aggressive.